pierce into

intrō, adv. [contr. from interō sc. loco].

Inwardly, internally; on the inside:

omnia sana faciet, intro quae dolitabunt,

Cato, R. R. 157, 7:

stare,

Pall. 1, 40, 2; Cato, R. R. 157, 6; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 50.—

To the inside, within, in (class.):

sequere intro me, amabo,

into the house, Plaut. Truc. 3, 2, 19:

intro ad nos venit,

Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 2:

intro ire,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 59:

intro advenire,

id. Truc. 1, 2, 7:

abire,

id. Ps. 1, 2, 35:

intro est itum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 26, 5:

cur ad nos filiam tuam non intro vocari jubes?

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66; cf.:

prius quam intro vocarentur ad suffragium tribus,

Liv. 10, 24 fin.; so,

intro vocata centuria,

id. 10, 13, 11:

accipere,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 36.

intro, āvi, ātum (intrassis for intraveris, Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 63), 1, v. a. and n. [1. intro], to go or walk into, to enter (syn.: ingredior, introeo).

Lit.

In gen.; constr. with acc., with in and acc.; poet. with dat.

With acc.:

tu ingredi illam domum ausus es? tu illud sanctissimum limen intrare?

Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 68:

pomoerium,

id. N. D. 2, 4, 11; id. Caecin. 8, 22:

regnum,

id. Rab. Post. 8, 22:

postes,

Ov. M. 8, 639:

domum,

Nep. Ages. 7, 4; id. Dat. 2, 1:

limen,

Val. Max. 2, 2, 1; 4, 5, 5; Vell. 2, 59 fin.; Just. 18, 7, 10; Suet. Tib. 30:

portas,

Liv. 1, 29, 1:

flumen,

Sall. J. 110, 6:

januam,

Petr. 139:

fumum et flammam,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 16:

maria,

Verg. A. 6, 59:

amnis intrans aequora,

emptying into the sea, Val. Fl. 2, 11:

notus medullas intravit calor,

Verg. A. 8, 390:

fluminis ripas,

to come between, id. ib. 7, 201.—

With in and acc.:

ante quam (animus) in corpus intravisset,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57:

in tabernaculum,

Curt. 3, 12, 10:

in flumen,

Plin. 32, 1, 4, § 10; 9, 15, 20, § 50:

in eum mundum,

Sen. Ep. 91, 15:

intravit in hortos,

Ov. M. 14, 656:

in portus,

id. ib. 7, 492:

in Capitolium,

Cic. Dom. 3, 5.—

With dat.:

montibus undae,

Val. Fl. 1, 590:

ponto,

Sil. 11, 473:

vulneribus mare,

id. 14, 550:

discordia caelo,

id. 9, 289.—

With intra (rare):

intra praesidia,

Caes. B. G. 7, 8, 1.—

With ad:

protinus ad Alexandrum,

Curt. 6, 7, 19. —

In partic.

To penetrate, pierce, enter, force a way into:

quo qui intraverant,

Caes. B. G. 7, 73:

intravere eo arma Romana,

Plin. 6, 29, 35, § 181:

intra praesidia,

Caes. B. G. 7, 8:

ne quo loco nostri intrare possent,

id. B. C. 3, 44:

ne hostes intrare ad se possent,

Hirt. B. Afr. 79:

ad munimenta,

Liv. 6, 2. — Absol.: in-trantes, ium, m., as subst. (opp. abeuntes), Petr. S. 28, 8; Col. 1, 6:

cujus vultum intrantes tristem, abeuntes hilarum putant,

Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 13.— Pass.:

si mare intretur,

Tac. A. 2, 5.— Impers.:

quo non modo intrari, sed ne perspici quidem possit,

Caes. B. G. 2, 17.—

To appear before court:

alio senatu Vicetini sine advocato intraverunt,

Plin. Ep. 5, 4, 2; 6, 31, 10.—

To attack, Stat. Th. 6, 774. —

To pierce, transfix ( poet.):

aprum,

Mart. 7, 27, 3:

intravit torvum Gortynia lumen harundo,

Sil. 5, 447; Sid. Carm. 2, 147.—

Trop., to penetrate or pierce into (class.); constr. usu. with in and acc.:

nulla acies humani ingenii tanta est, quae penetrare in caelum, terram intrare possit,

Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 122:

in rerum naturam,

id. Fin. 5, 16:

in sensum et in mentem judicis,

id. de Or. 2, 25, 109; 1, 47, 204: penitus in alicujus familiaritatem, to become one ' s intimate friend, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 15:

in pectus,

Sen. ad Helv. 13, 2; Quint. 9, 4, 10.—With acc.:

domus quam nec honor nec gratia intrare posset,

Liv. 6, 34, 9; cf.

terram,

Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 122:

vatem Deus,

inspires, Sil. 3, 697; cf. id. 12, 323:

animum militaris gloriae cupido,

Tac. Agr. 5:

pavidos intrat metus,

id. A. 1, 39; 1, 43:

intravit animos pavor,

Curt. 4, 16, 17; cf. Sil. 1, 124. — Absol.:

propius accedo... intrabo etiam magis,

Cic. Fl. 10, 23.

intrō, adv. [contr. from interō sc. loco].

Inwardly, internally; on the inside:

omnia sana faciet, intro quae dolitabunt,

Cato, R. R. 157, 7:

stare,

Pall. 1, 40, 2; Cato, R. R. 157, 6; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 50.—

To the inside, within, in (class.):

sequere intro me, amabo,

into the house, Plaut. Truc. 3, 2, 19:

intro ad nos venit,

Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 2:

intro ire,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 59:

intro advenire,

id. Truc. 1, 2, 7:

abire,

id. Ps. 1, 2, 35:

intro est itum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 26, 5:

cur ad nos filiam tuam non intro vocari jubes?

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66; cf.:

prius quam intro vocarentur ad suffragium tribus,

Liv. 10, 24 fin.; so,

intro vocata centuria,

id. 10, 13, 11:

accipere,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 36.

intro, āvi, ātum (intrassis for intraveris, Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 63), 1, v. a. and n. [1. intro], to go or walk into, to enter (syn.: ingredior, introeo).

Lit.

In gen.; constr. with acc., with in and acc.; poet. with dat.

With acc.:

tu ingredi illam domum ausus es? tu illud sanctissimum limen intrare?

Cic. Phil. 2, 27, 68:

pomoerium,

id. N. D. 2, 4, 11; id. Caecin. 8, 22:

regnum,

id. Rab. Post. 8, 22:

postes,

Ov. M. 8, 639:

domum,

Nep. Ages. 7, 4; id. Dat. 2, 1:

limen,

Val. Max. 2, 2, 1; 4, 5, 5; Vell. 2, 59 fin.; Just. 18, 7, 10; Suet. Tib. 30:

portas,

Liv. 1, 29, 1:

flumen,

Sall. J. 110, 6:

januam,

Petr. 139:

fumum et flammam,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 16:

maria,

Verg. A. 6, 59:

amnis intrans aequora,

emptying into the sea, Val. Fl. 2, 11:

notus medullas intravit calor,

Verg. A. 8, 390:

fluminis ripas,

to come between, id. ib. 7, 201.—

With in and acc.:

ante quam (animus) in corpus intravisset,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57:

in tabernaculum,

Curt. 3, 12, 10:

in flumen,

Plin. 32, 1, 4, § 10; 9, 15, 20, § 50:

in eum mundum,

Sen. Ep. 91, 15:

intravit in hortos,

Ov. M. 14, 656:

in portus,

id. ib. 7, 492:

in Capitolium,

Cic. Dom. 3, 5.—

With dat.:

montibus undae,

Val. Fl. 1, 590:

ponto,

Sil. 11, 473:

vulneribus mare,

id. 14, 550:

discordia caelo,

id. 9, 289.—

With intra (rare):

intra praesidia,

Caes. B. G. 7, 8, 1.—

With ad:

protinus ad Alexandrum,

Curt. 6, 7, 19. —

In partic.

To penetrate, pierce, enter, force a way into:

quo qui intraverant,

Caes. B. G. 7, 73:

intravere eo arma Romana,

Plin. 6, 29, 35, § 181:

intra praesidia,

Caes. B. G. 7, 8:

ne quo loco nostri intrare possent,

id. B. C. 3, 44:

ne hostes intrare ad se possent,

Hirt. B. Afr. 79:

ad munimenta,

Liv. 6, 2. — Absol.: in-trantes, ium, m., as subst. (opp. abeuntes), Petr. S. 28, 8; Col. 1, 6:

cujus vultum intrantes tristem, abeuntes hilarum putant,

Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 13.— Pass.:

si mare intretur,

Tac. A. 2, 5.— Impers.:

quo non modo intrari, sed ne perspici quidem possit,

Caes. B. G. 2, 17.—

To appear before court:

alio senatu Vicetini sine advocato intraverunt,

Plin. Ep. 5, 4, 2; 6, 31, 10.—

To attack, Stat. Th. 6, 774. —

To pierce, transfix ( poet.):

aprum,

Mart. 7, 27, 3:

intravit torvum Gortynia lumen harundo,

Sil. 5, 447; Sid. Carm. 2, 147.—

Trop., to penetrate or pierce into (class.); constr. usu. with in and acc.:

nulla acies humani ingenii tanta est, quae penetrare in caelum, terram intrare possit,

Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 122:

in rerum naturam,

id. Fin. 5, 16:

in sensum et in mentem judicis,

id. de Or. 2, 25, 109; 1, 47, 204: penitus in alicujus familiaritatem, to become one ' s intimate friend, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 15:

in pectus,

Sen. ad Helv. 13, 2; Quint. 9, 4, 10.—With acc.:

domus quam nec honor nec gratia intrare posset,

Liv. 6, 34, 9; cf.

terram,

Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 122:

vatem Deus,

inspires, Sil. 3, 697; cf. id. 12, 323:

animum militaris gloriae cupido,

Tac. Agr. 5:

pavidos intrat metus,

id. A. 1, 39; 1, 43:

intravit animos pavor,

Curt. 4, 16, 17; cf. Sil. 1, 124. — Absol.:

propius accedo... intrabo etiam magis,

Cic. Fl. 10, 23.

pĕnē̆tro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [root pa- of pasco; v. penates].

To put, place, or set any thing into any thing (ante- and post-class.; v. Brix ad Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 109).

Lit.:

penetrare pedem intra aedes,

Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 64; 2, 3, 49: quo illic homo foras se penetrat ex aedibus? to betake one's self, go in any direction, id. Trin. 2, 2, 1:

me ad pluris penetravi,

id. ib. v. 14:

se in fugam,

to take to flight, id. Am. 1, 1, 94:

in eam (specum) me penetro et recondo,

Gell. 5, 14, 18.— To enter, penetrate:

ea intra pectus se penetravit potio,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 23.—In the same sense, mid.:

quae penetrata queunt sensum progignere acerbum,

having entered, having penetrated, Lucr. 4, 670; 1246.—

Trop.:

Labeo Antistius in grammaticam sese atque dialecticam litterasque antiquiores altioresque penetraverat,

had penetrated into, Gell. 13, 10, 1.—

Aliquid, to pierce into any thing; to enter, penetrate any thing ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

Lit., Lucr. 4, 894:

(semen) penetrare locos nequit,

id. 4, 1246:

vox aures penetrat,

id. 4, 613:

hominem cum vini vis penetravit Acris,

id. 3, 476:

Illyricos sinus,

Verg. A. 1, 243:

nave Aegyptum,

Suet. Caes. 52:

mediae cryptam Suburrae,

Juv. 5, 106. — Pass.:

ut (India) penitus nequeat penetrari,

Lucr. 2, 539:

penetratae cum victoriā Media, Albania, etc.,

Vell. 2, 40, 1:

penetrata limina montis,

Stat. S. 4, 6, 104:

iter L. Lucullo penetratum,

Tac. A. 15, 27.—

Trop.:

id Tiberii animum altius penetravit,

Tac. A. 1, 69; cf. id. ib. 3, 4.—With subject-clause:

tum penetrabat eos, posse haec, etc.,

it entered their thoughts, it occurred to them, Lucr. 5, 1262.—

Neutr., to enter, penetrate into any place or thing, betake one's self (class.; cf.: pervado, permano).

Lit.:

in palaestram,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 32:

sub terras,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107:

ad os Pelusii,

Curt. 4, 1, 29:

in ipsum portum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 37, § 96:

in castra hostium,

Liv. 2, 12, 3:

in artissimas fauces,

Curt. 5, 3, 17:

ad urbes,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32:

per angustias,

id. Tusc. 1, 20, 45:

intra vallum,

Liv. 39, 31:

in urbem,

id. 2, 53:

cum eo penetrasset,

thus far, Nep. Chabr. 4:

astra per caelum penetrantia,

Cic. Univ. 9:

penetrat vox ad aures,

Ov. M. 12, 42:

usque ad nares,

Cels. 7, 7.— Impers. pass.:

in eam speluncam penetratum cum signis est,

Liv. 10, 1.—

Trop.:

Romuli animus haec ipsa in templa penetravit,

Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24:

hominum ratio in caelum usque penetravit,

id. N. D. 2, 61, 163:

nulla res magis penetrat in animos,

id. Brut. 38, 142:

penetrare ad sensum judicis opinionemque,

id. Part. 36:

quo non ars penetrat?

Ov. A. A. 3, 291:

in provincias quoque grammatica penetraverat,

Suet. Gram. 3.

pungo, pŭpŭgi, punctum, 3 (old fut. perf. pepugero, Att. ap. Gell. 7, 9, 10; perf. punxi, acc. to Diom. p. 369 P.:

pupungi, in pungit, punxit, pupungit,

Not. Tir. p. 131; scanned pŭpūgi, Prud. steph. 9, 59), v. a. [root pug-, to thrust, strike, whence also pugil, pugnus; Gr. pux, etc.], to prick, puncture (class.).

Lit.:

aliquem,

Cic. Sest. 10, 24:

acu comatoriā mihi malas pungebat,

Petr. 21:

vulnus quod acu punctum videretur,

Cic. Mil. 24, 65.—

Transf.

To pierce into, penetrate, enter:

corpus,

Lucr. 2, 460 (v. the passage in connection).—

To affect sensibly, to sting, bite: ut pungat colubram: cum pupugerit, etc., Varr. ap. Prisc. p. 894 P.:

pungunt sensum,

Lucr. 4, 625:

aliquem manu,

to pinch, Petr. 87 fin.:

nitrum adulteratum pungit,

has a pungent taste, Plin. 31, 10, 46, § 114.—

To press, hasten:

futura pungunt, nec se superari sinunt,

Pub. Syr. v. 177 Rib.—

Trop., to prick, sting, vex, grieve, trouble, disturb, afflict, mortify, annoy, etc.:

scrupulus aliquem stimulat ac pungit,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 6:

epistula illa ita me pupugit, ut somnum mihi ademerit,

id. Att. 2, 16, 1:

jamdudum meum ille pectus pungit aculeus,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 158:

pungit me, quod scribis, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 7, 15, 1:

si paupertas momordit, si ignominia pupugit,

id. Tusc. 3, 34, 82:

quos tamen pungit aliquid,

id. ib. 5, 35, 102:

odi ego, quos numquam pungunt suspiria somnos,

Prop. 3, 8 (4, 7), 27. —Hence, punctus, a, um, P. a., pricked in, like a point; hence, of time: puncto tempore (cf.: puncto temporis; v. infra), in an instant, in a moment (only in Lucr.), Lucr. 2, 263; 456; 1006; 4, 216; 6, 230.—Hence, subst. in two forms.

punctum, i, n., that which is pricked or pricked in, a point, small hole, puncture.

Lit. (very rare), Mart. 11, 45, 6.—

Transf.

A point, small spot (as if made by pricking):

ova punctis distincta,

Plin. 10, 52, 74, § 144:

gemma sanguineis punctis,

id. 37, 8, 34, § 113:

puncta quae terebrantur acu,

Mart. 11, 46, 2:

ferream frontem convulnerandam praebeant punctis,

i. e. with the marks of slavery, Plin. Pan. 35.—

In partic.

A point made in writing, Aus. Epigr. 35, 1; 145, 5;

as a punctuation mark,

Diom. p. 432 P.—

A mathematical point. Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 116.—

A point or spot on dice: quadringenis in punctum sestertiis aleam lusit, Suet. Ner. [p. 1492] 30; Aus. Prof. 1, 29.—

A point or dot as the sign of a vote, made in a waxen tablet, before the introduction of separate ballots;

hence, transf.,

a vote, suffrage, ballot, Cic. Planc. 22, 53; id. Mur. 34, 72; id. Tusc. 2, 26, 62.—Hence, poet., applause, approbation:

omne tulit punctum qui miscuit utile dulci,

Hor. A. P. 343:

discedo Alcaeus puncto illius,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 99; Aus. Grat. Act. ad Grat. 5.—

A point on the bar of a steelyard, indicating the weight:

diluis helleborum, certo compescere puncto nescius examen,

Pers. 5, 100.—

A small part of any thing divided or measured off, e.g.,

A small weight, Pers. 5, 100.—

A small liquid measure, Front. Aquaed. 25.—

A small portion of time, an instant, a moment (cf. momentum):

puncto temporis eodem,

in the same moment, Cic. Sest. 24, 53; cf.:

ne punctum quidem temporis,

id. Phil. 8, 7, 20; Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 7:

nullo puncto temporis intermisso,

id. N. D. 1, 20, 52; Caes. B. C. 2, 14.—In plur.:

omnibus minimis temporum punctis,

Cic. N. D. 1, 24, 67:

animi discessus a corpore fit ad punctum temporis,

id. Tusc. 1, 34, 82:

temporis puncto omnes Uticam relinquunt,

Caes. B. C. 2, 25 fin.; Plin. Pan. 56:

horae,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 172:

diei,

Lucr. 4, 201.—Rarely absol.:

punctum est quod vivimus et adhuc puncto minus,

Sen. Ep. 49, 14, 3:

puncto brevissimo dilapsa domus,

App. M. 9, p. 235, 30; cf.:

quod momentum, quod immo temporis punctum, aut beneficio sterile aut vacuum laude,

Plin. Pan. 56, 2; Vulg. Isa. 54, 7.—

In space, a point:

ipsa terra ita mihi parva visa est, ut me imperii nostri, quo quasi punctum ejus attingimus, poeniteret,

Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16.—

In discourse, a small portion, brief clause, short section, Cic. Par. prooem. § 2; id. de Or. 2, 41, 177; Aus. Idyll. 12 prooem.—

puncta, ae, f. (very rare), a prick, puncture, Veg. Mil. 1, 12.

* * *

trans-ĕo, īvi or ĭi, ĭtum, īre ( perf. -ivit, Sen. Ben. 1, 13, 3; fut. -iet, Tib. 1, 4, 27; Sen. Q. N. 3, 10, 4; Lact. 4, 18, 3), v. n. and a., to go over or across, to cross over, pass over, pass by, pass (syn. transgredior).

Lit.

In gen.

Neutr.:

ego ad vos eum jussero transire,

Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 51:

per hortum ad amicam,

id. Stich. 3, 1, 36:

ad uxorem,

id. Caecin. 3, 4, 24; Ter. Phorm. 4, 5, 7: ad te, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 7, 1:

ad forum,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 7 (8), 28:

ne Germani e suis finibus in Helvetiorum fines transirent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 28:

in agrum Noricum,

id. ib. 1, 5:

in Britanniam,

id. ib. 4, 30:

per eorum corpora transire conantes repulerunt,

id. ib. 2, 10:

per media castra,

Sall. J. 107, 5:

per illud (iter, i. e. vocis) Murmure blanditiae minimo transire solebant,

Ov. M. 4, 70: obsides ut inter sese dent, perficit;

Helvetii, ut sine maleficio et injuriā transeant,

Caes. B. G. 1, 9; Liv. 10, 46, 3:

Mosa in Rhenum transit,

Caes. B. G. 4, 10:

caseum per cribrum facito transeat in mortarium,

Cato, R. R. 76, 3:

odor foliorum transit in vestes,

Plin. 12, 3, 7, § 15:

ficus ad nos ex aliis transire gentibus,

id. 15, 18, 19, § 69. —

Act.:

campos pedibus transire videmur,

Lucr. 4, 459:

Taurum,

Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 5:

Taurus transiri non potest,

id. Att. 5, 21, 14:

Apenninum,

id. Fam. 11, 10, 4; Liv. 5, 33, 2; 5, 33, 4 sq.; 21, 38, 6; 26, 12, 14;

21, 58, 3: paulatim Germanos consuescere Rhenum transire,

Caes. B. G. 1, 33:

flumen,

id. ib. 1, 12;

1, 13: Euphratem,

Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 75:

maria,

id. Or. 42, 146; id. Pis. 24, 57; Hor. A. P. 345:

paludem,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 10:

forum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 59:

equum cursu,

to pass by, Verg. A. 11, 719:

omnes mensas transiit,

Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 4:

quem (serpentem) rota transiit,

ran over, Verg. A. 5, 274:

anulis medios articulos (digitorum) non transeuntibus,

Quint. 11, 3, 142:

Domitii filius transiit Formias,

passed through Formiæ, Cic. Att. 9, 3, 1.—In pass.:

Rhodanus nonnullis locis vado transitur,

is crossed by a ford, is fordable, Caes. B. G. 1, 6; cf.:

flumen uno omnino loco pedibus transiri potest,

id. ib. 5, 18; 2, 10; 7, 55; Hirt. B. G. 8, 27; Liv. 21, 43, 4; Plin. 29, 4, 27, § 89:

totus transibitur orbis,

Manil. 4, 398.—

In partic.

To go over to a party or side (cf. transfugio):

ne deserat me atque ad hostes transeat,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 10:

ad adversarios transeas?

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40:

ad Pompeium transierunt,

Caes. B. C. 3, 60:

transit cohors ad eum,

id. ib. 1, 60:

a Patribus ad plebem,

Liv. 4, 16, 3:

cum iis pugnare ad quos transierant,

Nep. Dat. 6, 6:

ad Q. Sextii philosophi sectam,

Suet. Gram. 18. — Absol.:

nec manere nec transire aperte ausus,

Liv. 1, 27, 5:

ut nulla ante Britanniae nova pars illacessita transierit,

Tac. Agr. 20.—

To go or pass over into any thing by transformation, to be changed or transformed into a thing ( poet. and in postAug. prose):

ille in humum saxumque undamque trabemque fallaciter transit,

Ov. M. 11, 643:

in plures figuras,

id. ib. 8, 730:

humana in corpora,

id. ib. 15, 167:

in aestatem post ver,

id. ib. 15, 206:

aqua mulsa longā vetustate transit in vinum,

Plin. 22, 24, 52, § 112; 9, 41, 65, § 139; 25, 9, 57, § 103; 37, 6, 23, § 87.—

Of food. to pass through, pass off:

cibi qui difficillime transeant sumpti,

Varr. R. R. 2, 11, 3; so,

cibi,

Plin. 11, 37, 79, § 202:

vinum tenue per urinam,

id. 23, 1, 22, § 39.—

To pierce, transfix (very rare):

ilia cornipedis surrectā cuspide transit,

Sil. 10, 253.—

Trop.

In gen.

Neutr. (very rare):

quod quaedam animalis intellegentia per omnia ea permanet et transeat,

runs through, pervades, Cic. Ac. 2, 37, 119:

utinam ista saevitia inter peregrina exempla mansisset, nec in Romanos mores transisset,

Sen. Ira, 3, 18, 1.— Impers. pass.:

cujus (ordinis) similitudine perspectā in formarum specie ac dignitate transitum est et ad honestatem dictorum atque factorum,

Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 47.— More freq.,

Act.:

ii sine dubio finem et modum transeunt,

go beyond, overstep, transgress, Cic. Off. 1, 29, 102; so,

modum,

id. Tusc. 4, 17, 40:

finem aequitatis et legis in judicando,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 95, § 220:

fines verecundiae,

id. Fam. 5, 12, 3:

aliquid silentio,

to pass over, pass by, id. Att. 2, 19, 3; Quint. 2, 3, 1; 5, 12, 23;

nil transit amantes,

i. e. escapes, Stat. Th. 2, 335; so, ita compositi sumus ut nos cottidiana, etiamsi admiratione digna sunt, transeant, Sen. Q. N. 7, 1, 1.—

In partic.

To go or pass over to another opinion:

in sententiam alicujus,

Liv. 34, 34, 1:

senatus frequens in alia omnia transiit,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 53: transierunt illuc, ut ratio esset ejus habenda, qui neque exercitum neque provincias traderet, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 13, 2.—

To pass over, be changed into any thing:

quomodo quire et ruere vel in praeterita patiendi modo, vel in participia transibunt?

Quint. 1, 6, 26:

in eam (vocalem sequentem) transire possit (M),

id. 9, 4, 40; 1, 4, 29:

frequens imitatio transit in mores,

id. 1, 11, 3:

jactantur cuncta et in contrarium transeunt jubente fortunā,

Sen. Ep. 99, 9:

in vinum transire,

Plin. 22, 24, 52, § 112; Sen. Ep. 114, 24; 84, 6; 85, 15.—

To overpass, surpass, excel:

qui hoc agit, ut prior sit, forsitan, etiamsi non transierit, aequabit,

Quint. 10, 2, 10:

verum ut transeundi spes non sit, magna tamen est dignitas subsequendi,

id. 12, 11, 28:

Pompeium transire paras,

Luc. 2, 565:

monumenta transibit nostra juventus,

id. 4, 499.—

In speaking.

To pass over to another subject:

ad partitionem transeamus,

Cic. Inv. 1, 21, 30:

ad alias (quaestiones),

Quint. 7, 1, 18:

hinc ad rationem sermonis conjuncti,

id. 8, 3, 40:

protinus ad dispositionem,

id. 6, 5, 1:

ad responsum partis alterius,

id. 7, 1, 6:

ad rhetoris officia (proximus liber),

id. 1, 12, 19:

consumptis precibus violentam transit in iram,

Ov. M. 8, 106:

inde in syllabas cura transibit,

Quint. 1, 4, 17.— Impers. pass.:

seminarii curam ante convenit dici, quam transeatur ad alia genera,

Plin. 17, 10, 13, § 68:

transeatur ad alteram contionem,

Liv. 45, 37, 11. —

To go quickly or briefly through a subject (syn. transcurro):

sed in animo est leviter transire ac tantummodo perstringere unamquamque rem,

to touch lightly upon, Cic. Rosc. Am. 32, 91:

sperare et ea quae premant et ea quae inpendeant me facile transiturum,

id. Fam. 9, 1, 2:

eos (libros) omnes duabus proximis noctibus cursim transeo,

Gell. 9, 4, 5:

brevi auditu quamvis magna transibat,

Tac. H. 2, 59.—

To pass over, pass by, leave untouched (so freq. first in post-Aug. prose;

syn. praetermitto): malueram, quod erat susceptum ab illis, silentio transiri,

Cic. Att. 2, 19, 3: ex quo tu quae digna sunt, selige, multa transi, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 4:

ut alii transeunt quaedam imputantque quod transeant: sic ego nihil praetereo, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 8, 21, 4:

Neronem enim transeo,

id. ib. 5, 3, 6; so,

Protagoran transeo,

Quint. 3, 4, 10; cf. id. 10, 1, 57; 12, 1, 22; 12, 10, 22:

sed hoc transeo,

id. 12, 2, 4:

ut ne id quidem transeam,

id. 11, 3, 131:

transeamus id quoque, quod, etc.,

id. 1, 10, 17:

ut transeam, quemadmodum vulgo imperiti loquantur,

id. 1, 6, 45:

lacrimas alicujus,

Stat. S. 5 praef. —In pass.:

nec a nobis neglegenter locus iste transibitur,

Quint. 2, 4, 17:

illa quoque minora non sunt transeunda,

id. 10, 3, 31; 10, 2, 3:

levia haec et transeunda,

Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 5:

transita signa,

Manil. 2, 486.—

Of time, to pass by, elapse.

Neutr.:

cum legis dies transierit,

Cic. Att. 7, 7, 6:

dies hibernorum complures,

Caes. B. G. 3, 2:

multi jam menses,

id. B. C. 3, 25:

quinquennium,

Dig. 7, 1, 37: tran et aetas;

Quam cito!

Tib. 1, 4, 27:

menses transeunt,

Phaedr. 5, 7, 11. —

Act., to pass, spend:

ne vitam silentio transeant,

pass through, spend, Sall. C. 1, 1; so,

vitam,

id. ib. 2, 8 Kritz N. cr.:

ipsum tribunatūs annum quiete et otio,

Tac. Agr. 6 fin.:

hiemem (securi),

Sen. Ep. 90, 15:

spatium juventae,

to pass beyond, Ov. M. 15, 226.—

To pass away, cease:

precarium seni imperium et brevi transiturum,

Tac. H. 1, 52 fin.:

fortuna imperii transit,

id. ib. 3, 49:

mutatam auctoritatem (unguenti) et saepius transisse gloriam,

Plin. 13, 1, 2, § 4:

quidquid irarum fuit, transierit,

Sen. Thyest. 398:

caelum et terra,

Vulg. Matt. 5, 18; id. 2 Pet. 3, 10; id. 1 Joan. 2, 17.—Hence, transĕunter, adv. (acc. to transeo, II. B. 4. b.), in passing, cursorily (late Lat.):

commemorata quaestio, Aug. Civ. Dei, 15, 23: discussā indiciorum fide,

Amm. 28, 1, 14.

* * *

inter-cīdo, īdi, īsum, 3, v. a. [caedo], to cut asunder, cut up, cut to pieces, divide, pierce, cut through.

Lit.:

harundinetum,

to thin out by cutting, Col. 4, 32, 4:

venas,

Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 174:

radices,

id. 18, 19, 49, 2, § 177:

olivas acuto calamo,

Pall. Nov. 22, 3:

lacus, interciso monte, in Nar defluit,

Cic. Att. 4, 15, 5; cf.:

an Isthmos intercidi possit,

Quint. 8, 3, 46:

aedis,

Dig. 9, 2, 49:

flammas ignis,

Vulg. Psa. 28, 7:

pontem,

to cut down, Liv. 36, 6.—

Esp., of accounts, to mutilate, falsify:

commentarios,

Plin. Ep. 6, 22, 4:

rationes dominicas,

Dig. 11, 3, 1, § 5. —

Transf., to part, divide, cut up, mangle, mutilate, destroy:

sententias,

to pervert in reading, Gell. 13, 30, 9:

lux intercisa,

Stat. Th. 2, 184:

jugum mediocri valle a castris intercisum,

separated, Hirt. B. G. 8, 14: dies intercisi, half-holidays: intercisi dies sunt, per quos mane et vesperi est nefas;

medio tempore, inter hostiam caesam et exta porrecta, fas: a quo quod fas tum intercedit: aut eo est intercisum nefas, intercisum,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 31 Müll.; cf. Macr. S. 1, 16; Ov. F. 1, 49. — Hence, intercīsē, adv., piecemeal, interruptedly, confusedly, Cic. Part. Or. 7, 24; Gell. 11, 2, 5:

dictum,

syncopated, id. 15, 3, 4.

inter-cĭdo, ĭdi, 3, v. n. [cado], to fall between.

Lit.:

ita in arto stipatae erant naves ut vix ullum telum in mari vanum intercideret,

Liv. 26, 39; 21, 8; 3, 10, 6.—

Transf.

To occur meanwhile, to happen:

si quae interciderunt, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3. —

To fall to the ground, go to ruin, be lost, perish: pereant amici, dum una inimici intercidant, Poët. ap. Cic. Deiot. 9, 25:

intercidunt ova,

Plin. 9, 51, 74, § 163:

credo, quia nulla gesta res insignem fecerit consulatum, memoriā intercidisse,

Liv. 2, 8, 5:

utrum pejorem vocas, apud quem gratia beneficii intercidit, an apud quem etiam memoria?

Sen. Ben. 3, 1:

augur erat: nomen longis intercidit annis,

Ov. F. 2, 433:

sive (opera) exstant, sive intercidere,

Plin. 35, 8, 34, § 53:

haec sequenti tempore interciderunt,

Quint. 1, 5, 52:

cum verba intercidant invalescantque temporibus,

fall into disuse, become obsolete, id. 10, 2, 13:

quod si interciderit tibi nunc aliquid (= excidit e memoria),

something escapes you, you have forgotten something, Hor. S. 2, 4, 6.

per-fŏdĭo, fōdi (perfodīvi, Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 64 Ritschl N. cr.), fossum, 3, v. a.

To dig through, to pierce through, transfix (class.):

parietes,

Plaut. As. 3, 2, 17: parietem, id. l. l.; Cic. Vatin. 5, 11; Vulg. Matt. 24, 43:

montem,

Varr. R. R. 3, 17, 9:

Athone perfosso,

Cic. Fin. 2, 34, 112:

thorax perfossus,

Verg. A. 11, 10:

pectus,

Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 6:

pectora,

Stat. Th. 9, 522:

spinā argenteā dentes,

to pick, Petr. 33.—Hence,

To break into:

perfodit in tenebris domos,

Vulg. Job, 24, 16; id. Matt. 24, 43.—

To make by digging through:

fretum,

Liv. 33, 17, 6.

pĕrīcŭlum (contr. pĕrīclum, very freq. in the poets, e. g. Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 29; Ter. And. 2, 2, 13; 5, 1, 2; 5, 2, 26 al.; Lucr. 1, 580; 2, 5 et saep.; Verg. A. 2, 709; 751; 3, 711 et saep.; Juv. 6, 94), i, n. [root, Sanscr. par, pi-par-mi, to conduct, guide; Gr. peraô, to pierce; poros. a way through, passage; Lat. porta, portus, ex - perior, per-itus; cf. Germ. fahren, Gefahr], a trial, experiment, attempt, proof, essay (class.; cf. disorimen).

Lit.:

fac periculum in litteris,

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 23:

miser est homo qui amat... Scio qui periclum feci,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 27:

priusquam periclum faceret,

Caes. B. G. 4, 21:

ex aliis,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 36:

alicujus fidei periculum facere,

to make trial of, to try, Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 34:

quā in re tute tui periculum fecisti,

id. Div. in Caecil. 8, 27: legionum, Auct. B. Afr. 79.—

Transf.

Concr., an attempt in writing, an essay:

faciunt imperite, qui in isto periculo non ut a poëtā, sed ut a teste, veritatem exigent (speaking of a poem in honor of Marius),

Cic. Leg. 1, 1, 4; Aus. Idyll. 10, 215.—

Risk, hazard, danger, peril (which acompanies an attempt;

the common signif. of the word): meo periclo rem gero,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 100:

tuo ego istaec dicam illi periculo,

id. ib. 4, 2, 17:

periculum facere,

to run a risk, id. ib. 1, 1, 63:

si ei subito sit allatum periculum discrimenque patriae,

Cic. Off. 1, 43, 154:

salus sociorum summum in periculum ac discrimen vocatur,

id. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12:

discriminum et periculorum comites,

id. N. D. 2, 66, 166:

obire pericula ac labores,

Liv. 1, 54:

periculum adire capitis,

to run the risk of one's life, Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110:

in periculo animarum suarum,

Vulg. 1 Par. 11, 19:

subire pro amico,

Cic. Part. 19, 66:

suscipere,

to take upon one's self, id. Mur. 36, 76:

ingredi,

id. ib. 2, 4:

conflare alicui,

to cause, occasion, id. Sull. 4, 13:

intendere in aliquem,

id. Rosc. Am. 3, 7:

intendere alicui,

id. Att. 2, 19, 1:

mortis alicui inicere,

id. Caecin. 29, 83:

facessere innocenti,

id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45:

facere alicui,

Sall. C. 33, 1; cf.:

ego nihil facio tibi periculi,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 7:

creare alicui,

Cic. Att. 22, 2:

comparare alicui,

id. Fl. 38, 96:

moliri optimis civibus,

id. Sest. 1, 1:

amici depellere,

id. Clu. 6, 8:

subterfugere,

id. Fam. 15, 1, 4:

adducta est res in maximum periculum et extremum paene discrimen,

id. Phil. 7, 1, 1:

se in periculum capitis atque in vitae discrimen inferre,

id. Balb. 10, 25:

arcessere aliquem in summum capitis periculum,

id. Rab. Perd. 9, 26:

includere in periculum,

id. Clu. 55, 155:

in periculum se committere,

to get into danger, id. Inv. 2, 8, 37:

eripere ex periculo,

id. Clu. 26, 70:

extrahere ex periculo,

to release from danger, id. Sest. 4, 11:

rem publicam a periculo prohibere,

id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

liberare periculis,

id. de Or. 1, 8, 32:

res in periculo vertitur,

the affair becomes perilous, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 12:

esse in periculo,

Cic. Fam. 4, 15, 2:

in periculo versari,

id. Rab. Post. 9, 23:

a securi negat ei periculum esse,

that danger threatens him, id. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:

periculum est, ne,

there is danger that, id. Tusc. 5, 40, 118; so id. Verr. 1, 11, 32: periculo meo, tuo, suo, at my, your, his risk:

meo periculo,

id. Sest. 52, 111:

crede audacter meo periculo,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 51:

meo periculo rem gero,

id. Bacch. 4, 4, 100; id. As. 2, 4, 51:

des ei nummos fide et periculo meo,

Dig. 46, 1, 24:

navem sumptu periculoque suo armatam mittere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 20, § 50; id. Fl. 17, 41:

rem periculi sui facere,

to do a thing at one's own risk, Dig. 23, 5, 16: bono periculo, safely, without danger (post-class.), App. Mag. p. 320, 16.—

In partic.

A trial, action, suit at law (class.):

meus labor in privatorum periculis caste integreque versatus,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 2:

aliquem in periculis defendere,

Nep. Phoc. 2, 3.—

A writ of judgment, a sentence:

unum ab iis petivit, ut in periculo suo inscriberent, etc.,

Nep. Ep. 8:

pericula magistratuum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79, § 183.—

A sickness, attack of sickness (post-Aug.):

in acutis vero periculis nullis dandum est vinum,

Plin. 23, 1, 24, § 48.—

Ruin, destruction (postclass.):

tremefactae nutant usque ad periculum civitates,

Arn. 1, 4.

pĕrīcŭlum (contr. pĕrīclum, very freq. in the poets, e. g. Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 29; Ter. And. 2, 2, 13; 5, 1, 2; 5, 2, 26 al.; Lucr. 1, 580; 2, 5 et saep.; Verg. A. 2, 709; 751; 3, 711 et saep.; Juv. 6, 94), i, n. [root, Sanscr. par, pi-par-mi, to conduct, guide; Gr. peraô, to pierce; poros. a way through, passage; Lat. porta, portus, ex - perior, per-itus; cf. Germ. fahren, Gefahr], a trial, experiment, attempt, proof, essay (class.; cf. disorimen).

Lit.:

fac periculum in litteris,

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 23:

miser est homo qui amat... Scio qui periclum feci,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 27:

priusquam periclum faceret,

Caes. B. G. 4, 21:

ex aliis,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 36:

alicujus fidei periculum facere,

to make trial of, to try, Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 34:

quā in re tute tui periculum fecisti,

id. Div. in Caecil. 8, 27: legionum, Auct. B. Afr. 79.—

Transf.

Concr., an attempt in writing, an essay:

faciunt imperite, qui in isto periculo non ut a poëtā, sed ut a teste, veritatem exigent (speaking of a poem in honor of Marius),

Cic. Leg. 1, 1, 4; Aus. Idyll. 10, 215.—

Risk, hazard, danger, peril (which acompanies an attempt;

the common signif. of the word): meo periclo rem gero,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 100:

tuo ego istaec dicam illi periculo,

id. ib. 4, 2, 17:

periculum facere,

to run a risk, id. ib. 1, 1, 63:

si ei subito sit allatum periculum discrimenque patriae,

Cic. Off. 1, 43, 154:

salus sociorum summum in periculum ac discrimen vocatur,

id. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12:

discriminum et periculorum comites,

id. N. D. 2, 66, 166:

obire pericula ac labores,

Liv. 1, 54:

periculum adire capitis,

to run the risk of one's life, Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110:

in periculo animarum suarum,

Vulg. 1 Par. 11, 19:

subire pro amico,

Cic. Part. 19, 66:

suscipere,

to take upon one's self, id. Mur. 36, 76:

ingredi,

id. ib. 2, 4:

conflare alicui,

to cause, occasion, id. Sull. 4, 13:

intendere in aliquem,

id. Rosc. Am. 3, 7:

intendere alicui,

id. Att. 2, 19, 1:

mortis alicui inicere,

id. Caecin. 29, 83:

facessere innocenti,

id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45:

facere alicui,

Sall. C. 33, 1; cf.:

ego nihil facio tibi periculi,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 7:

creare alicui,

Cic. Att. 22, 2:

comparare alicui,

id. Fl. 38, 96:

moliri optimis civibus,

id. Sest. 1, 1:

amici depellere,

id. Clu. 6, 8:

subterfugere,

id. Fam. 15, 1, 4:

adducta est res in maximum periculum et extremum paene discrimen,

id. Phil. 7, 1, 1:

se in periculum capitis atque in vitae discrimen inferre,

id. Balb. 10, 25:

arcessere aliquem in summum capitis periculum,

id. Rab. Perd. 9, 26:

includere in periculum,

id. Clu. 55, 155:

in periculum se committere,

to get into danger, id. Inv. 2, 8, 37:

eripere ex periculo,

id. Clu. 26, 70:

extrahere ex periculo,

to release from danger, id. Sest. 4, 11:

rem publicam a periculo prohibere,

id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:

liberare periculis,

id. de Or. 1, 8, 32:

res in periculo vertitur,

the affair becomes perilous, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 12:

esse in periculo,

Cic. Fam. 4, 15, 2:

in periculo versari,

id. Rab. Post. 9, 23:

a securi negat ei periculum esse,

that danger threatens him, id. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:

periculum est, ne,

there is danger that, id. Tusc. 5, 40, 118; so id. Verr. 1, 11, 32: periculo meo, tuo, suo, at my, your, his risk:

meo periculo,

id. Sest. 52, 111:

crede audacter meo periculo,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 51:

meo periculo rem gero,

id. Bacch. 4, 4, 100; id. As. 2, 4, 51:

des ei nummos fide et periculo meo,

Dig. 46, 1, 24:

navem sumptu periculoque suo armatam mittere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 20, § 50; id. Fl. 17, 41:

rem periculi sui facere,

to do a thing at one's own risk, Dig. 23, 5, 16: bono periculo, safely, without danger (post-class.), App. Mag. p. 320, 16.—

In partic.

A trial, action, suit at law (class.):

meus labor in privatorum periculis caste integreque versatus,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 2:

aliquem in periculis defendere,

Nep. Phoc. 2, 3.—

A writ of judgment, a sentence:

unum ab iis petivit, ut in periculo suo inscriberent, etc.,

Nep. Ep. 8:

pericula magistratuum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79, § 183.—

A sickness, attack of sickness (post-Aug.):

in acutis vero periculis nullis dandum est vinum,

Plin. 23, 1, 24, § 48.—

Ruin, destruction (postclass.):

tremefactae nutant usque ad periculum civitates,

Arn. 1, 4.